Coronary angiography (CAG) is a relatively direct, accurate, and reliable method for diagnosing coronary heart disease. It is a safe and minimally invasive approach. CAG is performed by cardiologists specializing in percutaneous coronary intervention. It is a procedure performed to determine stenosis, spasm, lesion severity and extent, or congenital malformation of the coronary arteries; and to evaluate left ventricular function. During the procedure, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may be conducted simultaneously, depending on the severity of coronary lesions, as well as to evaluate on the outcome of coronary artery bypass grafting and PCI. CAG is widely used as long-term follow-up test and prognostic evaluation.

Indications: 

Patients with

1. Stable angina or asymptomatic myocardial ischemia

2. Unstable angina

3. Acute myocardial infarction (suspected myocardial infarction, ST- elevation or bundle branch block )

4. Preoperative evaluation for non-cardiac surgery (suspected or diagnosed with coronary heart disease )

1)Patients with valve disease

Patients in middle-age and older without symptoms of chest pain and/or patients having heart valve replacement with multiple risk factors cause coronary heart disease. 

Systolic dysfunction leads to congestive heart-failure follow by symptoms of chest pain, regional wall motion abnormality and/or reversible myocardial ischemia detect by myocardial scan. 

Before heart transplantation

Post-infarction cardiac aneurysm or mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction

2)Heart failure

Systolic dysfunction leads to congestive heart-failure follow by symptoms of chest pain, regional wall motion abnormality and/or reversible myocardial ischemia detect by myocardial scan. 

Before heart transplantation

Post-infarction cardiac aneurysm or mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction